Identifying the Effective Factors on Emergency Evacuation the Buildings in the case of Fire

In any incidents, every minute is vital to survive human lives; so installing emergency facilities, proper entrances and exists is a necessity in constructions. Although there are standarsds in construction’s safe design but also proper location for escape in buildings based on exact calculation of time and volume of people in the case of crisis should be considered. In many countries, but not in Iran, manouvers carried out in order to prepare in the case the incidents to eliminate faults in architectural designs and plans, which need time and money. Now a days, consulting engineers design buildings based on standards which considered by concerned organizatios. For effective application of the standards the complete evacuation time should be considered as well. The complex plans and limit access to streets make difficult the evacuation and rescue. Achieving an approach to evaluate the effective standards in order to evacuate a building in a right time has an important role in capabilites of concerned organizations in crisis. The objective of the paper is considering effective elemnts in evacuation the buildings in fire.
This study is based on descriptional-analytic method. Previous researches in this field are used in order to identify the effective factors in buildings’ evacuation in crisis especially in fire.
Findings: There are importatnt elements in rescue from fire; an operation during the fire depends on factors such as human characteristics, fire and building featurs.
The effective human characteristics in evacuation such fastness, decision making and so on are studied. Constructional eslements and plans are categorized based on spaces and location which have especial standards.