Urban Local-Spatial Resilience: Developing the Key Indicators and Measures, a Brief Review of Literature

Cities are making significant impacts on the environment and urban sustainability. Problem statement and research Resilience in cities is seen as an important goal towards sustainability. In the same manner, the urban resilience and its key measurement in the city structure gets a higher priority. Moreover, considering measures of resilience is specifically indispensable for policy makers and supports the process of decision making in the cities. Despite advances in this field in recent years, there is still an essential need to provide clear ways to measure and quantify the urban resilience in terms of spatial aspects.
Research questions: these questions are raised in this research:1) what are local-spatial indicators of resilience?
2) what is the relationship between resilience and spatial organization of the city?
3) what is the role of spatial organization elements of the city in urban local-spatial resilience?
Research A review of literature is used to identify the key elements in the measurement of resilience in relation to the spatial structure of the city. Then, the analyses of the operational definitions and the major indicators have been done separately.
Research Results and findings demonstrate the key indicators in the measurement of urban spatial resilience based on the urban spatial structure components including a) diversity, b) connectivity, c) redundancy, and d) robustness features as the major indicators for the cities spatial structure resilience.