Evaluation of the effects of autologous adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells in combination with polyacrylamide hydrogel and nanohydroxyapatite scaffolds on healing in rabbit critical-sized radial bone defect model

In this study, the bone regeneration ability of polyacrylamide hydrogel and nanohydroxyapatite scaffolds (PAAH/NHA) and stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ADSCs) in the healing of critical sized bone defects in rabbit radius were assessed.
Animals and procedures: 12 New Zealand white male rabbits were divided into 3 groups. The rabbits were anesthetized and 15 mm bone defects were created on the radius. According to the group, scaffold with or without ADSCs were implanted into the defects. These groups were as follows: A (control group, bone defect without any treatment), B (embedding of PAAH/NHA scaffolds in the bone defect) and C (embedding of PAAH/NHA scaffolds with stem cells derived from adipose tissue in the bone defect). The animals were euthanized 12 weeks after surgery and histopathologic evaluation were carried out.
Result and microscopic examination revealed significant increase in new bone formation in group C than B. The results of this study showed that the use of stem cells derived from adipose tissue implanted on PAAH/NHA scaffold can stimulate osteogenesis.