Effect of benzyladenine and indole acetic acid on embryo rescue of Askari × Ruby Seedless hybrid grape cultivar

Consumers all over the world increasingly prefer seedless table grapes. Hence grape breeding programmes have been aimed at developing new seedless varieties having better fruit quality, larger berry size and higher yields. In this research, the effect of pre bloom sprays of benzyladenine (BA) and different concentrations of indole acetic acid (IAA) in culture medium was evaluated on embryo rescue of Askari × Ruby Seedless hybrid cultivar. The first and second sprays of BA (0 and 30 mg/l) were 14 and 7 days prior to emasculation of Askari cultivar flowers respectively. Forty days after flower opening hybrid ovules of Askari × Ruby Seedless were dissected out, they were cultured in Nitsch and Nitsch medium containing 0.35 mg/l GA3, 2 g/l activated charcoal, 30 g/l sucrose, 8 g/l agar and different concentrations of IAA (1, 1.75 and 3 mg/l). Evaluated characteristics were callused and germinated ovules. The results showed that different concentrations of IAA were significant on callus formation of ovules and the highest callus formation were observed in 3 mg/l of IAA concentration. Based on the obtained results the interaction of different concentrations of IAA and BA was effective on the percentage of ovule germination in such a way that the highest percentage of germinated ovules (10.55 %) was obtained in 1 mg/l of IAA with 30 mg/l BA sprays at parrot green stage of panicles.