The Impact of Fertility Rate on the Sustainability of the Pension System in the Framework of Two-Period Overlapping Generations Model: The Case of Iran

In recent years, falling birth rate and rising life expectancy in many countries have led to the population aging which has brought about some problems. One of these problems is the negative impact of this phenomenon on the sustainability of the pension system. In this study we examine the impact of fertility rate on the sustainability of the pension system using the two-period overlapping generations model. The parameters of the model are calibrated using actual data of Iran's economy. The results of this analysis showed that the impact of fertility rate on the sustainability of the pension system is affected by the ratio of the child care cost to personal income and as long as the fertility rate is less than 4.12 percent, increasing the fertility rate leads to higher pension payment and improvement of the pension system sustainability.