Bargoushes and Barchashm in Shahnameh and Pahlavi Texts and Comparing them with Gog and Magog in Islamic Traditions

The present article analyzes some Pahlavi and Persian sources such as Asouric Tree, Bondehesh, Ayatkari Zamaspik (keep sake), Shahnameh, and also some dictionaries. For this purpose, the two terms of Bargoush and Barchashm which are the names of mythological beings and previous scholars made mistakes regarding introducing them, have been examined and clarified via using the mentioned sources. It becomes clear that Bargoushes are Goushvars or Gelim Goushs. Also,in this article, is shown that the words Bozghoush/Bozgoush in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh is a rewording of the word ‘Bargoush’. With a comparative review of the materials in the historical and interpretive sources of Persian in the Islamic period and the contents of Pahlavi and Shahnameh narratives, it was shown that these creatures are the same as Gog and Magog from the viewpoint of having big ears. Probably, they are the Gog and Magog in Islamic texts. In this article, the meaning of Bargoush with a literal and exploratory discussion in Persian and Pahlavi texts is clarified and the meaning of Barchashm is suggested using an analogy. Also, the geographical areas of Bargoushes in the narrations of Pahlavi and Shahnameh and Gog and Magog in the traditions and Islamic sources have been mentioned.