Ascertainment Urban design indexes effective on promoting social interaction of citizens in urban natural axis, a Case of Study pilgrimage Gorgan River branch of the shoreline Gorganrud

The tendency to mechanical life, the widespread presence of vehicles, changing the face of the city due to dominance of cars on urban space, segregation of people from public spaces, neglect of social, cultural and identity values latent in public spaces, Neglect to preserve and promote collective life in previous decades caused to some of urban public spaces lose their importance and role. On the eve of the third millennium urban public spaces as third places that have key role in social interactions, were seriously considered and have changed to urban design profession-knowledge focus. Establishing urban public spaces in recent decades was an attempt to meet the social needs of human to public spaces. The presence of people in these spaces leads to socialization of public spaces and is a factor of reaching to success of the space. But now, scales close together, the lack of features and criteria of success spaces and lack of appropriate criterias to socialize the spaces led to empty and abandoned spaces. In this regard, identifying the creator and promoting criterias of socialization in public spaces is very necessary to prevent from failing off and obsolete of different public urban areas. The proposed question in this respect are: 1) what kind of relation is between open urban spaces and the level of social relations of citizens? 2) What indicators of urban design can improve the level of social interaction? The aim of the present study clarify the factors involved in urban design and the promotion of social interactions in urban public spaces in which the city of Gorgan is investigated as a case study. In the meantime, various experts with different approaches have discussed this issue. To answer the mentioned goal, at first the concept of urban design, public spaces, socialization, socialization in public spaces were studied. The population in this study consisted of all the domestic and foreign tourists Gorgan space users and 150 subjects were questioned randomly. After conducting field studies, we study and analyze the physical features of studied spaces. For this purpose, after finishing the survey and collecting the questionaries, to analyze the obtained information form the research, we use Statistical-descriptive method (tables and diagrams) and in order to achieve deep study and the variables and the relation between them, Inferential statistics method (Factor analysis and statistical tests "KMO" and Bartlett's test) in the form of SPSS and Excel software were applied to assess and respond to hypotheses and research questions. According to results of research, we can classify and present the dimensions and elements of urban design in two objective and subjective aspects and three Aesthetic (objective-subjective), semantic-perceptual, operational-functional, and seven indicators. Some criteria to assess the sociability of spaces and attendance of people have been developed in a conceptual model contains three social, physical and activity dimensions. The conducted analyze by applying Inferential statistics showed that there is a meaningful and positive relation between urban design variables and social interactions and between individual components and social interactions,so that by considering the socialization criteria and improving the urban qualities during the planning and designing the spaces, make them survive along each other and beyond different sectors and also leads to increasing the social interaction between citizens more than before.