Mystical and Social Symbolism in Taqi Pournamdarian's Poetry

Pouranamardian is one of the prominent critics and scholars of Iranian literary society, whose poetic aspect has been underestimated. Indeed, under the influence of Nima and his followers, like Shamloo, as well as his own studies on mysticism and symbolic stories, Pouranamardian has a particular tendency to symbolic expression in his poems. Many of these symbols can be placed in the domains of mystical symbols and social or epic ones. The present article tries to study the mystical and social symbolism in the poems of Pournamdarian, considering the context of his detailed research in this field as well as the political and social conditions prevailing at the time of composing his poems. The methodology of the research is based on content analysis; it contains an introduction about symbolism and biography of Pournamdarian. Then, his poetry book, Rahrovan Bi-Bargh (Leafless followers) and the mystical and social symbols in his poems are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the poet's studies on mysticism and thinking about Muslim mystics have been very effective in creating the mystical symbols of his poems. Also, the results show that due to the specific political and social circumstances of the era of the imperial regime and the ruling tyranny (the second Pahlavi era), Pournamdarian turns inevitably to symbolism, and he portrays the crisis-ridden society of his age with a symbolic expression.