The Poor Narrated by Satire: A Historical Consideration on Chanteh Pa Berahneh (Pouch of Barefoot) Newspaper

The present article seeks to answer the question of why and how a marginal newspaper, such as the Chanteh Pa Berahneh, can and, in a stronger sense, should be used to clarify the times in which it exists, and therefore it is necessary to come back to the context of historical researches as a main historical source. To answer this question, after reviewing the available editions of the Chanteh Pa Berahneh Newspaper from style, tune, content and audiences’ point of view and in the historical context of Constitutional Revolution, it is argued that the newspaper pursued its profession in "supporting the laborers" in two different ways: One was a "class consciousness in a general way", and the other was a "reaction to the events that influenced the lives of the laborers, in a special way." On the first way, some articles of the newspaper, with a pseudo-theoretical and, of course, understandable language for laborers had tried to plot the situation of laborer class against riches and excite them through justice-based thinking in language of satire in order to have an ideological invitation for protesting the current situation and eliminating social gap. In the second way, content of newspaper had reflected the additional issues of laborer class. The present article will highlight the importance and usefulness of this newspaper for writing the “history from the bottom up” as a branch of historiography which compared with the three type of political, cultural and social historiography faces a serious challenge in order to access to the historical status of the lower classes. Therefore, the necessity of returning these types of texts to historical research can be explained by the fact that any type of historiography is dependent on historical sources, but the type of historiography also determines what resources are important, so that resources that were not once seen in a period of time, can take the initiative, for example in historiography "from the bottom"