The Syntactic Structures to Express Restriction in Persian Language The Case Study: the works of Sa adi Shirazi

To understand the rhetoric of Persian language and to recognize its capacities in expressing meaning, its syntactic structures should be initially studied and analyzed. It is only possible in this way to know how a particular concept and in what structure it should be expressed. "Restriction and bound" is one of the concepts has various syntactic structures in the Persian language. This variety of syntactic structures expresses the high capacity of syntax in Persian language to induce rhetoric intentions and creating a perfect conforming between the form and the language format with the desired meaning and purpose. In this regard, it has been tried in this paper, relying on Saadi's words, to identify all the facilities and capacities of Persian language in expressing the restriction and to propose a distinct classification for them. The results show that all of the facilities express the restriction in Persian language can be divided into two general categories: 1) The metalinguistic process, which has no specific lingual sign to be appeared in the objective chain of language; "stress" is the only capacity of this process. 2) The objective factors and signs of language; syntactic structures such as "attributives", "exceptions", "displacement of components" and "use of special constraints" are subsets of this category