Explaining Anti-Hegemonic Policies of China and Russia towards the United States in the Eurasia Region

The United States throughout its history by relying on the realistic propositions has sought to create a United States-based hegemonic unipolar system based on two axes of unilateralism and interventionism. This important issue has been emphasized in the thought of the new American order, which has consistently been the central axis of all American president's goals since the collapse of the Soviet Union till now. Accordingly, the policy of influence in the strategic regions of the competitor powers was one of the most important goals of USA foreign policy during this period; one of the most important of which is Eurasia; a strategic supercontinent in the world, where the United States crossed with other powers. Russia and China are two Eurasian countries that have been developing their capabilities in this region over the past two decades with the aim of establishing a strategic alliance and preventing foreign power intervention in the region. The results show that the two powers are seeking redistribution of power in the international system and they don’t obey the principles of American leadership in regional and global relations, specifically in Eurasia. The power of Russia and China in various fields as well as their influence on the international system; as a result of that, their opposition to American hegemony has raised this question: How Russia and China in Eurasia deal with the hegemonic unilateralist policies? And also is it possible to unite the two countries against hegemony? The hypothesis of the research is that Russia's and China's policies toward the United States in Eurasia have been settled in terms of soft balance and tough balance respectively. According to the relative interests of each country in the geopolitical, political, security, cultural, and economic arenas, they have not been able to pass a monotonous path.