Political Cooperation in Non-Democratic Systems (Systems of Wilayat, Caliphate and Sultanate)

The political cooperation of people in various forms of political system compatible with the foundations and structure of that system has taken a different approach. People are considered as the fundamental principle in regard with choosing the agents as well as the decision making in the democratic systems. However, in non- democratic systems, people are of position within the structure of that system. In opposition to the authoritative or velaee system which considers the appropriate position of people and their political cooperation, in the caliphate and sultanate system, a low position is considered for the people in regard with the political cooperation and there is meanness and inequality in its structure in an institutionalized way as well. This article clarifies and describes the elements of three political systems of Wilayat, caliphate and sultanate and compares the people’s position in each of these political systems related to their political cooperation based on the trend of government development throughout the history of Islam i.e. prophecy, Wilayat, caliphate, and sultanate. The majority or minority political cooperation is not regarded as the reason for the favorability and the criteria of evaluation of political system and what is the criteria for evaluation and favorability of the system are the fundamentals and norms on them the different and distinguished kind of political cooperation is based