Prediction of Resilience Based on Self-Compassion and Empathy in Veterans

War is one of the influential factors in the public health of the community, which causes a lot of physical and mental harms in people. The aim of this study was to predict the resilience based on self-compassion and empathy in veterans of 8 years of imposed war. Instruments and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2017 among all veterans with physical and mental injuries caused by the war in Saqqez. Using proportionate stratified random sampling, 297 people (262 men and 35 women) were selected as sample. For data collection, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Davis's Empathy Questionnaire, and Neff's Self-Compassion Questionnaire were used. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, multiple regression analysis, using SPSS 22 software. Finding: There was a positive and significant correlation among resilience with empathy (r=0.69; p<0.01), self-compassion (r=0.78; p<0.01), be kind to yourself (r=0.81; p<0.01), self-confidence (r=0.73; p<0.01), humanity's commonality (r=0.69; p<0.01), isolation (r=0.50; p<0.01), mindfulness (r=0.61; p<0.01), and over-identifying (r=0.87; p<0.01). Also, there was a positive and significant correlation between resilience and empathic concern (r=0.61; p<0.01) and perspectivism (r=0.51; p<0.01) and a reverse and significant correlation between resilience and personal disturbance (r=-0.78; p<0.01). Self-compassion and empathy were able to predict 71% and 60% of the variance of resilience changes in veterans, respectively, and among these two variables, self-compassion was more effective than empathy. The veterans with high self-compassion and empathy are more resilient.