Investigating the Effect of Different Chemical Factors on Fire Retardant Papers and Lignocellulosic Products

Paper and paper products consist of natural organic polymers including cellulose, hemicellulose and in some cases lignin, along with various organic and inorganic chemicals as additives. For this reason, the paper and its various products are simply burned in the vicinity of the flame and even without a flame, and its only minerals are ashes. Therefore the properties of fire resistance, or in other words, its retardation is very essential in special applications. The work of flame retardants is to inhibit or to stop the combustion process physically and chemically. Flame retardants stop the combustion cycle and thus extinguish the flame and reduce the burning rate in a different ways. Different chemicals are used as a fire retardants, mainly contains inorganic chemicals. Acid source flame retardants have been widely used for lignocellulosic products. Compounds such as inorganic phosphates, various inorganic silicates, halogen-free inorganic salts as well as inert gases are the most important retardant which commonly used for lignocellulosic products. Nanomaterials are also used as environmentally friendly flame retardants. The present review article discusses the role and function of retardant substances and how they function.