The effects of different concentrations of CaCL2 and MgSO4 on histological-cellular variation of microtubers in Solanum tuberosum In vitro conditions

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important agricultural plants in the world. It is propagated predominantly by asexual methods. The traditional methods for asexual propagation of the plant faced important problems. Therefore, the seed tubers can be replaced by micro tubers produced by tissue culture. The aim of this study is search about effect of different concentrations of CaCL2 and MgSO4 in media culture In vitro in histological - cellular variations of the microtubers. In this study solid and liquid MS media were used to prepare sterilized seedlings and micro tuberization.The concentrations of 0, 1/2, 1, 3/2 and 2 times more than standard concentrations of the mentioned compounds in MS medium were used in separate induction media . Induction was done in the alternating photoperiod. In order to the developmental and anatomical studies cross sections of microtubers was prepared and studied by light microscopy.The number of cell rows, the dimensions of the cells and the starch content of the parenchymal tissues of microtuber were analyzed. the results showed significant variations in histological features of the microtubers developed in media containing different concentrations of macronutrients. CaCL2 with concentrations of 0.5 to 1 time more than standard concentration in MS medium yielded maximum number of cell rows and maximum starch granules content. However, the presence of a minimum amount of magnesium is essential for the formation of the micro tubers. But there is no statistically significant effect on cellular changes of microtubers and starch content.