Modeling the consequences and analyzing the dangers of carbon disulfide emissions using ALOHA software in an oil refinery

The leakage of hazardous materials in industries threatens the workers and residents around these industries and also severely damages the environment. This study thus aimed to predict the emissions and the probable effects of carbon disulfide using ALOHA software in order to performing the appropriate safety measures and consequently to reduce the adverse effects. The results of HAZOP studies were used to identify the hazards in one of the refinery units. The plausible worst scenario was also chosen. ALOHA software was then used to model the probable scenarios of carbon disulfide emissions from the tank. All stages of this research were conducted ethically. Based on the results obtained, the concentration of carbon disulfide reaching to the control room would be fatal in the event of an incident. This result is supported by carbon disulfide concentrations of 480 ppm in an area of up to 600 meters around the tank, which is in the range of AGEL-3. In the event of full leakage, the concentration of carbon disulfide would be 7800 ppm 150 m around the tank, which is about 60% of the minimum flammable concentration of this gas. The explosion wave pressure in a distance of up to 190 m around the tank is anticipated to be about 3 psi, which may cause serious injuries to workers. The consequences of carbon disulfide toxicity in the studied refinery are one of the most serious threats to the personnel. Therefore, preparing a reaction plan for emergency conditions will have an effective role in limiting the harmful effects of the toxic and dangerous materials emissions.