Explaining the pattern of application of Exquisite and Expressive figures of speech in Nafthat-o-Almasdour

Nafthat-Al-Masdur is one of the most renowned masterpieces of technical and artistic prose in the field of Persian language and literature that Shihaboddin Mohammad Khorandezi zeydari Nasawi has written in the description of the tragedies of Jalal al-din Khwarazmshah during the Mongol invasion.This book has a generous and passionate language that the author has devoted a lot to the use of arrays, expressions, verses, hadiths, and Arabic vocabulary and expressions.The question here is as follows: ʿHas the author followed a particular pattern in using figures of speech, or has used these elements solely for the verbal and spiritual arrangement of his words?’. To answer this question we should say that the technical language of this work seems to have a coherence and a pattern in it and the author follows the pattern of choosing technical, verbal and artistic arrays. On the one hand, he used ironies and similes far more than metaphor and trope, and on the other hand, following the same pattern he chooses Saj and Pun and uses them for the creation of musical language of his work. In the intellectual domain, the use of exaggeration, assurance, and allusion, which are similar to simile, has made the similarity of the language of Nafthat-Al-Masdurstronger.