Identification of Blue Pigments Known as Lazurite in The Illumination of The Safavid Era

In this research, blue pigments are evaluated in terms of their chemical composition and morphology in two manuscripts of the Safavid era. For this purpose, microscopic approach with Dino Light and SEM and EDX are used. The results of the element analysis showed three types of blue pigments. In natural lazurite, there is calcium. However, the element does not exist in artificial lazurite. In the chemical composition of western lazurite, there was cobalt that makes it distinct from other lazurite. SEM images also showed morphological components for their structure, so that there were crystal disparate particles for natural and western lazuli, and round shapeless particles were identified in artificial lazurite.