Time Consistency of Optimal Monetary Policy with Heterogeneous Expectations in DSGE model

The purpose of this study is to investigate the time consistency of optimal monetary policy in the New Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model with considering the heterogeneity of expectations in the. The optimal monetary policy in the proposed theory is based on rational expectations. On the other hand, the homogeneity of economic agents and the way they shape their expectations is a mechanism that has always been taken into account in empirical studies. Some approaches for the standard models have shown that the predictions of inflation and production are not rational, or at least are irrational for some agents and some cases. In this study, we examine the effect of different shaping of individuals' expectations on macroeconomic variables and also investigate the distributional effects of monetary policy. Moreover, the problem of optimal dynamic policy is discussed under the terms of the rule and discretion with using the expectation operators of the economic agents. The results of this study show the monetary policy in the rational expectation approach affects inflation more than production, while in the context of comparative expectations, the real sector is influenced to monetary policy shocks more than inflation. Also, by stimulating inflation, in most cases, inflation has been tacitly higher than the inflation targeting in the five-year plans.