Influence of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) exteract organs on seed germination and seedling growth of cumin and tomato

Some plants with their chemical compounds affect the growth of adjacent plants. This research was carried out in order to investigate the effect of allelopathic effects of different organs of saffron on indices of seedling growth of cumin and tomato seed in factorial experiment in a completely randomized design. The research was conducted at university of Torbat Heydrieh at 2017. The results showed that the effect of different extract organs, concentration and interaction of them on length of root, stem and cumin seedling was not significant but on germination percentage, germination rate, mean germination time, weight and length of root, stem and seedling and seed vigor II were significant at 1%. The results also showed that application of corm exteract had the highest impact on most of indigenous growth indices. The highest germination rate was seen in control and leaf- corm composition extract treatments (4.72 and 4.75 respectively) and the highest root dry weight was in leaf- corm composition extract and in 0.25 concenteration treatment. The results on tomato showed that the effect of different extracts of leaf, corm and leaf-corm composition on germination percentage, germination rate, mean germination time and weight and length of root were significant. Increasing of saffron exteract concenteration decreased germination percentage, germination rate, shoot, root and seedling length and weight and vigor indexes on cumin and tomato. In the case of all growth indices, the leaf extract was more effective. The results also showed that the increase in concentration caused a reduction in the percentage and rate of germination, shoot length, seedling and root and seed index index in cumin and tomato. The final result of this research showed that cultivation of saffron in the crop rotation induced effect of allelopathy on cumin and tomato. Therfore, tomato can be rotated with saffron rather than cumin.