Effect of Extraction and Processing Conditions on the Water-Soluble Vitamins of Barberry Fruits

The bioactive compounds of barberry such as water-soluble vitamins are used in medical and food industries. In this study, the effect of different extraction conditions and various process conditions were studied on water-soluble vitamins profile. The extraction conditions included varieties (species) are of fruits (B. integerrima: A, B. vulgaris: P), solvents (Water: W, Ethanol: E), light (Presence: L, Absence: T), pH (3 and 1.5), and temperature (25 and 50ºC). The process conditions included heating (95 and 80°C), chilling (ref 1, 2 months), freezing (con), microwave (mic) and gamma irradiation (γ at doses of 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 kGy). The highest and lowest amounts of water-soluble vitamins in various extracts of different extraction conditions were respectively as follows: vitamin C in AWL1.550 (highest) and PEL350 (lowest); B5 in PWL1.550 and AEL1.525, AWL1.550; B6 in AWT350, and AEL1.550; B1 in PET350 and PET1.550; folic acid in AET350 and PWT350; biotin in AEL350 and AEL1.550; B2 in AET350 and PWL350 extracts. The highest and lowest amounts of water-soluble vitamins in various process conditions were respectively as follows: vitamin C (Acon 460 (highest), Aref1 146.87 (lowest), Pcon 242.96 (highest), Pmic 21.52 (lowest)), B5 (Aγ0.5 2919.18, A95 1312.42, Pγ10 3110.88, Pref2 1051.52), B6 (Acon 36.30, Aγ7.5 21.04, Pγ10 12.70, P95 8.73), B1 (Acon 2113.00, Aref2 965.09, Pcon 2298.15, Pγ10 217.76), folic acid (Aγ0.5 1700.38, Aγ10 947.11, Pcon 104.78, Pγ10 in B. vulgaris after processing was not found), biotin (Amic 2267.58, Aγ10 1404.63, Pcon 324.72, Pγ2.5 118.33), and B2 (Aγ0.5 586.43, Aγ10 274.34, Pcon 297.19, Pγ10 6.79).