Spatial Analysis of Criminal Hotspots in Urban Worn Out Textures (Case Study: District 12 of Tehran Municipality)

One of the most important issues in the worn out areas is the development of social abnormalities and criminal hotspots in these areas. Monitoring the relationship between urban space and crime and violence is one of the most important issues of urban planning. Analyzing urban criminal hotspots or urban defensiveness and monitoring the factors affecting their criminality is of particular importance in urban planning. The purpose of this study is to investigate the locational-spatial analysis of crime and the relationship between location and crime with "crime prevention through environmental design" approach. In terms of its objectives the present study is of an applied research type and in terms of its nature it is considered as an exploratory-analytic study. The data and spatial information are monitored through documentation using the spatial analysis technique in the geographic information system of the hot spots, and the spatial distribution of criminal zones. Spot complications such as crime situations, including distribution and purchase of drugs, as well as linear effects such as the network of streets are specified with the help of district 12 maps in the scale of 1:2000 from ArcGIS software and using side programs of spatial distribution of criminal hotspots. Due to the worn out the texture and the disproportionate density of facility applications and the low passageway network, more defenseless spaces are formed in the market places, Harandi, Takhty, Imamzadeh Yahya and Khayyam. The results of the research indicate that in district 12, the main priority is for crime prevention and security promotion, urban regeneration in these neighborhoods through strategies for improving the internal structure of the region, reducing defenseless areas, developing infrastructure, developing urban amenities such as cultural-sports facilities and open and service-providing spaces and collaborative renewal, and also the categorization of urban criminal hotspots and the selection of appropriate solutions for the organization of the neighborhood according to specific criteria can also be effective in controlling people in reducing crime.