Effect of solid food substrates on sporulation and chitinase production of Trichoderma harzianum Tr6 in controlling of Meloidogyne javanica in tomato

Trichoderma spp. can reduce the severity of the disease caused by plant parasitic nematodes by parasitizing the eggs and juveniles and induction of plant resistance responses. The effects of solid nutrient substrates (millet, grain and wheat bran) on the sporulation of Trichoderma harzianum Tr6, chitinase enzyme production and the ability to control of Meloidogyne javanica were studied. Results showed that the substrates had different effect on sporulation of the fungi and also control of the target nematodeand that the best substrate  was wheat bran. Using this substrate, spore production of T. harzianum a rate of about 1.5×1011 per gram of medium. Furthermore, a great control of the second stage juveniles was observed with 87.66% of mortality of the second stage juveniles and reduction of 13.66% eggs hatching by. Chitinase enzyme assay showed that Trichoderma cultured on wheat branexhibited a U / min per ml enzyme enzyme production. In addition, the antagonistic fungi that is cultured on wheat bran showed a major effect on control of nematode in comparison with other solid substrates and the Gall index in this treatment was 0.6.