Gene transfer methods and production of transgenic animals with an emphasis on use of viral vectors

Gene transfer technology follow to use animals and birds as bio-bioreactors in the production of high-quality pharmaceutical, industrial and recombinant proteins, as well as the use of animal models for specific diseases and the study of the effects of therapeutic genes in them. Different methods have been developed for gene transfer in eukaryotic cells, including physical, chemical and viral methods. By increasing the researchers' knowledge about the life cycle of viruses and due to their natural ability of viruses to transmit and integrate into the host genome, viruses have become one of the most powerful means of transferring the gene. Among virus vectors, lentiviruses are one of the most powerful and most widely used gene transfer tools for some of their abilities. Viral vectors have been used in various forms for gene transfer and the production of transgenic animals, including the direct injection of recombinant viruses and the vector of the gene into the target tissue in the specific tissue or the treatment of the stem cells with the recombinant virus and The transfer of recombinant cells to the target tissue or treatment of embryonic cells in the early stages of the fetus. In this study, we tried to refer to gene transfer methods and novel methods for the production of transgenic animals and the use of viral vectors for gene transfer.