Assessment of the Water Suspended Sediment Concentration at the Surface in a Dam Reservoirusing satellite images(Case Study: Ardak Damin Mashhad)

Estimation of suspended sediments in flowing waters is a matter of importance due to the different aspects such as the performance of hydraulic structures, environmental problems, and ... The main goal of this research is using remote sensing technology to estimate the concentration of suspended sediments at the water level entering the reservoirs of dam by flood since the dam was constructed and its annual estimation. For this purpose, the experimental results and 〖ETM〗^+ data of Landsat satellite related to the reflection spectrum of suspended sediments at various concentrations. In a lab work by using an ASD spectro radiometer, the water reflection values containing different amounts of suspended sediments were measured in the range of 400 to 2500 nm. Then, these reflection values for OLI Bands of Landsat 8 were reexamined using their spectral response functions. In the study of the correlation between bands with the amount of suspended sediments, band2 (blue) and band5 (infrared) were detected most appropriate. In this research, a range of different sediment concentrations in 90 samples of 0.16 gr⁄lit to 100.05 gr⁄lit was used.
In the reviews, Landsat 5 band reflection centered at 865 nm and Landsat 2 band reflection centered at 482/4 showed the most and least sensitivity to the amount of sediment respectively. Therefore, a relationship with appropriate correlation was diagnosed between reflection differences of these two bands 〖R_865-R〗_482.5 and concentration of suspended sediments. In this relation, its RMSE was 1.57 and R2 parameter determination factor was