Function of the anthropological approach to understanding of Muslim thinkers’ political idea Case study: Sheikh Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi

In light of the solid bond between “political idea” and “anthropology”, the present study aims to provide a suitable anthropological framework by which a variety of political ideas of thinkers can be perceived. The case study of this research is the political ideas of Sheikh Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi, was conducted with a descriptive-analytical method, and data collection was library. The results showed that human nature is influential in determining the suitable presidency in a city, the basis for ruler’s legitimacy, manner of ruling and the nature of politics. Admitting authority overshadows the basis of ruler competency and the need for his accountability regarding the relation between rights and obligations. Knowing that human is civilized by nature has been embodied in the foundations for forming society and establishing state, ontology of law and who a legislator is. Authenticating afterworld life gives rise to such subjects as standing down from assuming power, which is the culmination of politics, which gives us such outcomes as holding political leaders accountable in the afterlife, preventing others’ rights from being violated, determining the provisions and practice of nurturing and people’s subordination to ruler. Human’s teleology can shape three bases--the basis of legitimacy, the ultimate goal of state, the laws ruling society, so that he can be assimilated into the almighty God.