Exploring the Functional Nature of Political Structure With Emphasis on the Functioning of the Social System in the Civilization Process of the Safavid State

The main purpose of this article is to study the relationship between civilization and the socio-political structures of the Safavid state. The significance of this issue is that the rise and fall of any civilization is the result of the cumulative, reproducible, and degenerate mechanisms formed in the socio-political system of its constituent societies. The present study seeks to answer the question of how the political structure in the process of civilization of the Safavid government acted? Moreover, what was its structural and functional nature? The results show that social mobility and the possibility of transitioning from the lower classes of society to the upper classes and the interconnectedness of opportunities and their ability to concentrate, had several consequences for the endogenous development of Iran in Safavid era and consequently the development of civilization. The Safavid political rule sought to change the social classes in order to achieve a new order in relation to the political system. In the new social order of two important classes, one new military aristocracy (Georgian slaves) and the other the religious class -who formed alongside the literati group- took advantage of the power and position that led to the weakening of the Sufis and Qizilbash Turks and it gave rise to the concept of the Iranian nation-state. This descriptive-analytical research has been organized with attention to the necessity of using sociological approaches in analyzing historical phenomena and based on library resources.