Sociological Criticism of the Characters of Novels, the Mountains Echoed (Based on Comparative Literature and Interdisciplinary Approaches)

One of the types of interdisciplinary studies in comparative literature is the study of the relationship between literature and sociology. In such an approach, a deeper and more extensive analysis of a literary work can be achieved by utilizing the literary findings with (emphasis on novel) and sociological (with emphasis on Afghan society). Khalid Hossein, Afghan Writer - An American in the novel The Mountains Echoed seeks to reflect the echo of the Afghan people and the voice of the Afghan community. This study seeks to analyze and reflects on the social and political events of Afghanistan in the novel and the Mountains Echoed to actually study and interpret the sociology of the novel. The findings of this study suggest that that the elements of each story such as this novel, in particular, the characters of this novel: Pari, Abdullah, Sabour, Babayub, Nabi, Nila and ... are symbols of socio-cultural and political suffering and challenges of Afghan society. The tensions and difficulties are: violence, ignorance, intolerance, war, Taliban presence and the plight of Afghan women, ethnic-religious conflicts, etc.