The Role of Spiritual Intelligence and Self-Esteem in Predicting Self-Efficacy among Senior High School Male and Female Students

This study aimed to investigate the relationship of spiritual intelligence and self-esteem with academic self-efficacy among senior high school students in Zahak. This descriptive study followed by a correlational design.  The current study had a population including 700 people in the academic year of 2018- 2019 and the sample size was 250 people selected by applying the Morgan table and using a stratified random sampling method. The sample completed the Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (King, 2008), the Self-Esteem Scale (Cooper Smith, 1967), and the Academic Self-Efficacy Inventory (Jing & Morgan, 1999). The collected data were analyzed using a Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise regression analysis, and  Independent t-test . Results showed that the male students’ mean scores of spiritual intelligence and academic self-efficacy were greater than those of female students. There was a significant relationship between spiritual intelligence with academic self-efficacy (r = 0.28) and self-esteem with academic self-efficacy (r = 0. 19) (p <0.01).  Moreover, results indicated that critical thinking and producing a personal meaning positivly explained 11% of variances in academic self-efficacy.