The role of growth regulators to produce shoot and root in two gladiolus cultivars

Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflora L.) is the biggest flowering plants in the Iridaceae family that it contains the first commercial ornamental plants in Iran market. There is an increasing interest in micro-propagation of gladiolus in vitro as an alternative technique to commercial methods. In the current study, gladiolus corms were prepared and disinfected using 70% ethanol, 50% hypochlorite, 2.5% nano silver. The effect of different concentrations of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and benzyl aminopurine (BAP) in two explants in order to shoot and root production of two commercial gladiolus cultivars were investigated. In the next experiment the role of different concentrations of sucrose (in Murashige and Skoog plant growth medium) on production of corms was studied and finally cold treatment in 3 times were used to breaking dormancy of propagated cormlets. All of the main experiments were conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design with 15 replications. The highest number of shoot (14) and root (12) was observed in White cultivar with the treatments of 2mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/ml NAA. Application of 60 g/L sucrose in MS media produced of highest number of corms (14) and also the largest corms(14.5 mm). Results of dormancy breaking experiment which performed at 4 °C for three periods showed that three months chilling at 4 °C was the best treatment to break dormancy in White cultivar.