Explaining the Cultural Efficacy of Teachers in encountering cultural diversity

The purpose of this study was to explain the teacher`s Cultural efficacy. To achieve this goal the systematic review method was used. This research is a qualitative systematic review that is a method for integrating or comparing findings from qualitative research. The accumulated knowledge resulting from this process has resulted in a new interpretation and an effective explanation of the concept of teachers' cultural efficacy. In this research, five theoretical frameworks were examined and the selected approach was described concerning the concept of cultural efficacy. The research sample was more than 40 authoritative articles and 6 books in the field of culture and education. Using the keywords "cultural approaches to education", "culture and education", "cultural competence", "cultural efficacy", "Cultural proficiency", "Cultural relevant pedagogy", researches have been systematically reviewed. Findings show that the most emphasis on the effectiveness of teacher role in facing cultural diversity is observed in “culturally relevant pedagogy”. This pedagogy specifically emphasizes the redefinition of the teacher's role. The two dimensions of knowledge and performance play a decisive role in the formation of the teacher's cultural efficacy. The knowledge dimension is then divided into three sections: including (1) knowledge of students (awareness of student’s background, knowledge of the desires and interests of their culture), and (2) pedagogical knowledge. Performance is focused on (1) self-reflection, (2) building meaningful relationships with students, and (3) improving student performance. The set of these capabilities is identifiable in the concept of "cultural efficacy" of teacher, which will lead to achievement in three areas of Academic Achievement, Cultural competence, and socio-political consciousness. This teacher, with these capabilities, Provide the ability to achieve the expected achievement for culturally diverse students.