The effect of geopolitical conflict between China and Russia on reviving Russia’s western identity

China is an emerging Asian power that is in the proximity of another influential power, Russia. The status of Russia has always been dual in terms of geography and culture, and is considered to be both Asian and European. Russia and China have historically experienced ups and downs in their relationship. following the collapse of the Soviet Union, both countries witnessed the promotion of cooperation in their relations. The importance of examining the relations between these two states is that both are among influential powers in the international system. The chief question here is why Russia’s geopolitical encounter with China will lead to Russia’s inclination toward the West. The hypothesis is that because Russia has major disagreements with China in the Far East and Central Asia, and because Russia is unable to defend its long borders, it will have no choice but to compromise with the west as a less severe threat. In this study, the history of the relations between the two states will be elaborated and after tracing Russia's common historical and behavioral pattern in similar circumstances, Russia's reaction to China’s threat will be evaluated. Theoretical framework used in this study is that of balance of threat. According to this theory it is concluded that Russia ultimately formulates its western identity, not for the purpose of establishing tactical and temporary cooperation with the West but a strategic and lasting alliance with it.