An Investigation of Political-Social factors for the Failure of Islamic Revival in Egypt (2012-2013) Based on the Crisis Cube Theory

The present study aims to survey the failure of Morsi’s Islamist government and the political causes effective in his fall. Herman Kahn’s model in the theory of Crisis Cube is used for the analytical purposes in this article. According to the above model, the failure of Islamic awakening and non-fulfillment of revolutionary purposes in Egypt are regarded as a crisis condition threatening Islamic regeneration and so the ways to exit this crisis in terms of essence, background, causes, and the guidelines of Islamic Republic of Iran to encounter this crisis are researched. The results of this descriptive-analytical study showed that the most important political causes for the fall of the Muslim Brotherhood government led by Morsi can be attributed to the following factors: Ideological conflicts and competitions among Copts, Sufis, and Salafis during revolution; lack of strong leadership in the revolution and that the Muslim Brotherhood did not have a good performance in guiding people and the organization joined at-Tahrir in Cairo 3 days after people’s uprising, over-reliance on military men and not changing the military officials who had power under Hunsi Mubarak’s government, lack of political-social support by al-Azhar University to Morsi’s revolutionary government, the incapability of Morsi to institutionalize and sustain structures founded by Mubarak, and finally the interference of foreign powers such the US, Israel, and Saudi Arabia in Egyptian affairs. In addition to the abovementioned factors, the fragile results of the election in which Morsi received only 51% of votes facilitated the military coup detat. The election results revealed that Morsi was not a representative for the majority of people and that his purposes were not identical with what society wanted. Furthermore, Morsi had little time to confront the challenges threatening his government and it led to the crisis for his government.