Strategies for Commercializing Military Technologies; from Dual-use Technology to Ecosystem Development

Today, there are a wide variety of activities to commercialize military technology to increase competitiveness, reduce development cycle time, seize opportunities, and minimize costs. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and present a framework for military technology commercialization strategies. This research has collected and transcribed 39 academic papers indexed in the Scopus database between 2000 and 2019 using systematic review methodology. The findings show that military technology commercialization strategies fall into four categories: development of national infrastructure (such as reform of the intellectual property system in the military industry), development of the commercialization ecosystem (such as interaction with startups and innovators), the development of dual-use technology (focusing on the early stages of technology development and its common aspects), and the technology transfer (focusing on technology spinoffs and technology brokers). The four strategies presented in this paper can transform the commercialization of military technology. Accordingly, practical and theoretical suggestions are presented.