An Analysis of the Meaning Relations of ‘Truth’ in the Holy Quran Based on the Semantics of Hagg (the Truth) in the Quran and with an Emphasis on the Constructivist Semantics

Relational analysis is one of the well-known types of constructivist semantics which conceptually explains lexical items relying on the relationships among language units. The word ‘truth’ is one of the key and fundamental concepts in the Quranic worldview, and the discovery of its semantic field in the semantic network of the Quran is highly important as, with the discovery of its sense relations, its synonyms, hyponyms and antonyms are identified, and the place of this concept in the worldview of the Quran is determined. The present study has been conducted using the descriptive-analytical method and on the basis of the achievements of constructivist semantics. Using the semantic components of the word ‘truth’, we explained its sense relations and concluded that, in the holy Quran, words such as prophet, book and va’deh (vow) are hyponyms of ‘truth’, qest (justice) and sedq (sincerity) are its synonyms and words such as bahreh (profit), vujub (legal obligation) and towhid (unity) have polysemic relation with it. We further concluded that the words batel (falsehood), kezb (untrue) and la’ab (play) are complementary antonyms and zann (opinion), reib (doubt) and zolm (cruelty) are implicit antonyms of ‘truth’.