A Comparison of Goodness-oriented Approach and Law-oriented Approach in the Flexibility of the Relationship between Spouses and Women’s Rights (with emphasis on verse 228 of Sura Baqarah)

The purpose of this study is to explore and compare the goodness-oriented approach and the law-oriented approach and their impact on the flexibility of relationships between spouses and women’s rights. It examines, compares and evaluates the attitude of Qur’anic scholars towards verse 228 of Sura Baqarah. The Examination of these two approaches has made it clear that in law-oriented perceptions, the basic position of the principle of goodness has been marginalized or not taken into account at all, and that the explanation of the verse is devoted mostly to inflexible and fixed rights in marital relationships, unlike goodness-oriented approaches in which the word Ma’roof (goodness) has become applicable, and come into the focus of the Qur’anic researchers and, as a principle, has dominated the relationships of spouses and made their relationships and women’s rights flexible. The goodness-oriented approach to the principle of Mu’asherat be Ma’roof (treating kindly and well) can be divided into two branches: obligatory and non-obligatory goodness-orientedness. Unlike non-obligatory goodness-orientedness, obligatory goodness-orientedness, has taken this principle as a moral-legal principle, and has given it an executive guarantee in the light of which, besides the fixed religious standards, the relationships of the spouses, based on the norms of religious people, have been given flexibility and have shaped the social rights of women from various aspects; this attitude has been prominent in the works of some contemporary commentators and jurists.