Enhancing Dynamic Security against Terrorist Attacks in Power Systems with Higher Penetration of Photovoltaic Resources

The wide spreading restructuring has laid further emphasis on economic and reliable operation of power grids. Power systems are, however, always subject to disturbances. These disturbances cause an unbalance between the electrical and mechanical power in generators, thus leading to angle oscillations on generator rotors. The analysis of system behavior in case of large disturbances is referred to as transient stability. On the other hand, exploiting renewable sources has been increasing due to the ever-increasing energy requirements in the developing and developed countries. Solar power is among the main sources of renewables that has drawn much attention due to the environmental concerns. In this project, the impact of integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems on transient stability of bulk power systems is investigated. As the PVs have different dynamic characteristic than the synchronous machines, system dynamic behavior will be affected by an increased penetration of photovoltaic generation. An appropriate model is, therefore, utilized for PVs in the transient period and incorporated in the energy margin. The sensitivity of energy margin is then calculated to the replacement of conventional generation resources with photovoltaic resources. Based on different scenarios, for example, four faults in the power system, the photovoltaic generations are located and sized at various buses.