The Religion and Global Theology in the Intellectual System of Islam

The global theology is one of  the major issues of the philosophy of religion that seeks common theological principles and values,  accordingly, in order to fulfill the dialogue between the followers of the religions, to respond to their common theological needs. In the Western world, this issue has been accompanied by various theories, such as the theory of "religious pluralism", the theory of "transcendent unity of religions", the theory of "extreme inclusiveness" and .... But according to the teachings of Islam, it is possible to offer an explanation of the Universal religion and consequently of the global theology, which, while accepting the universal, its rationality does not lead to the harms of relativism and religious pluralism. Therefore, the global theology has a special logic in the intellectual system of Islam, while based on the principles and theoretical infrastructures, it has certain criteria and standard that will guarantee its theological and universal aspects. The criteria of global theology are: being divine , universality, comprehensiveness and immortality, and the foundations of global theology can also be classified in the axes of ontology, epistemology, anthropology, theology, and so on. According to the mentioned criteria and its foundations and infrastructures, it is possible to judge the mechanism of interaction and dialogue with the followers of other religions. Therefore, the present article tries to deal with the practical solutions of interaction with the followers of other religions as a result of this theology, by proposing the criteria and principles of global theology in a rational and narrative way.