Study of the effect of long term of Epigallocatechin gallat on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Epigallocatechin gallat as a strong antioxidant plays an important role in inhibiting free radicals. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of Epigallocatechin gallat on the viability, morphology and osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of rat.

In this experimental study, the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were extracted using flashing-out method. At the end of the third passage, cells were divided into 9 groups of control and experimental. The cells of experimental groups were treated with the different doses of epigallocatechin gallat (0, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 50 µm) for a period of 21 days in the osteogenic media containing 10% of fetal bovine serum. Then, cell proliferation, bone matrix mineralization, intracellular and extracellular calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase activity and expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin genes were investigated during the procedure of osteogenesis. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the means difference was considered significant at p<0.05.

The cell viability, mean bone matrix mineralization, calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase activity, expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin of the mesenchymal stem cells treated with epigallocatechin gallat significantly increased, compared to the control group in a dose dependent manner (p<0.05). Also cytoplasm extensions were observed in the cells treated with epigallocatechin gallat.

Since epigallocatechin gallat caused a significant increase in cell viability and osteogenic differentiation in the mesenchymal stem cells, therefore, it can be utilized in order to increase cell differentiation and survival.