Association between Catalase Gene (CAT-262 C/T) Polymorphism and Preeclampsia in the South of Iran

The cause of preeclampsia has not been identified so far; therefore, it accounts for a high percentages of maternal hospitalization. It seems that polymorphisms of genes encoding antioxidant system enzymes are effective in the pathophysiology of this disorder. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between CAT-262 C/T polymorphism of enzymatic antioxidant Catalase gene and preeclampsia.

This case-control study was conducted at Islamic Azad University of Kazerun, Kazerun, Iran, in 2017. In total, 150 preeclampsia patients and 150 healthy pregnant women were selected as cases and controls, respectviely.  After DNA sampling and extraction, the CAT-262 C/T polymorphism was determined by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism method. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using the Chi-square and Yates corrected X 2 statistical tests. Ethics code: IR.IAU.KAU.REC.1398.005

Results showed a significant difference between preeclampsia patinets and healthy preganat women regarding the frequency of CC, CT, and TT genotypes (PCAT=0.32) and both C and T alleles (PCAT=0.42) in the position of the CAT-262 C/T polymorphism of enzymatic antioxidant Catalase gene. Except for the multiple pregnancy parameter (PCAT=0.007), no significant diffrences were observed between the case and control groups in terms of other measured factors, such as the severity of preeclampsia (PCAT=0.272), urinary protein excretion (PCAT=0.130), patient swelling (PCAT=0.739), age at onset of disease (PCAT=0.412), primipara (PCAT=0.322), multipara (PCAT=0.074), previous history of preeclampsia (PCAT=0.630), history of miscarriage (PCAT=0.287), diabetes mellitus (PCAT=0.75), and hypothyroidism (PCAT=0.941).

According to the results of this study, the CAT-262C/T polymorphism could be considered as a risk factor for preeclampsia susceptibility in the south of Iran.