Some Logical Ideas of Samarqandīand Allāma Tabataba'i’s Innovative Opinion on the Parts of the Proposition

Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Ashraf al-Ḥusaynī al-Samarqandī, an unknown logician of the seventh century AH, has an effective role in the growth and development of Sinai (Avicennism) logic in the Islamic world. Examination of his logical views shows his influence on the thoughts of some logicians, especially Qutb al-Din al-Razi. In addition to mind. Saussure, however, following Kant, challenges the customary view and considers the origin of the production of them enclosing in mind. In the tradition of Islamic philosophy, Farabi is the first linguistic philosopher to pay attention to the contemporaneous structure of language, regardless of its historical aspect. Using the concept of word and reason, while reading the relations between them conventionally, he offers a subjectivist reading of the analysis of the nature of signs. The present article has two purposes 1st, Saussure and Farabi’s views on the nature of the sign will be examined. 2nd , Farabi’s view of the letter and reasonable and how they relate to Saussure’s signified will be analyzed.