Study of foliar application sodium nitroprusside on quality and quantity characteristics of basil medicinal plant under different levels cadmium of soil

To investigate the effect of different levels of sodium nitroprusside and cadmium on green basil cultivar, a pot experiment was conducted in the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishva Branch in 2017 as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Experimental treatments include: three levels of sodium nitroprusside foliar application at the rate of: zero (control of pure water foliar application) (N1),50μM (N2), 100 μM (N3) and four levels of cadmium in the amount of: Zero (control) (C1), 10 ml ‌ G / kg soil (C2), 20 mg/kg soil (C3) and, 30 mg / kg soil (C4). The results showed that the interaction effects of the treatments on the studied traits were significant. With increasing cadmium, the amount of leaf chlorophyll decreased and finally the rate of assimilation decreased and the leaf weight decreased. The highest plant height, leaf dry weight per plant, essential oil percentage and essential oil yield, methyl cavicol percentage were achived from 100 μM sodium nitroxide and control (N3*C1) treatment and the lowest plant height, leaf dry weight were obtained. In plant, cytoplasmic membrane stability, essential oil percentage and essential oil yield were obtained from control treatment (spraying with pure water) and application of 30 mg / kg cadmium in soil (N4*C4). The results showed that the negative effects of cadmium stress were largely eliminated by the use of sodium nitroxide.