Negation of the Social: The Emergence of Individualistic Discourses in Post-War Iran (Psychology of Success, Mysticism and Homo Economics)

The problematic of this research is, on the one hand, the relation of mentioned discourses to the discourse of martyrdom in time of war, and on the other hand, the understanding of what these discourses themselves are and how they relate to each other, how they produce their normal subject. To answer this question, the genealogical method of Michel Foucault has been used to show the beginning of the articulation of the subjective and individual discourses of the post-war situation and what connections and disconnections it had with the situation during the war. The present study has concluded that the discourse of martyrdom in time of war caused the domination of the psychic and subjective over the social and basically created a subject who wanted salvation and martyrdom in the inner moment and by overcoming himself. In the post-war period, this subject, in harmony with other non-discursive factors, facilitated the possibility of subjective post-war discourses. In the post-war era, the human form remained to be saved in individual and subjective moments, but its content was changed by new discourses. Wartime martyrdom discourse and post-war subjective discourses turned the social / critical ontology of the Islamic Revolution into a struggle and conflict with the sinful soul(NAFS) and the discovery of inner strength.