A Comparative Study of Various Effects of the Sun Based on Ancient Astronomy in the Poems of Nezami and its Reflection in the Khamseh of Shah Tahmasb

For prolonged ages, attention to the sky and celestial phenomena has amazed mankind and encouraged him to discover the secrets and mysteries of the unknown as inquisitively as possible. The infinite vastness of the sky and galaxies, the indescribable beauty of the stars, the brightness of the moon, the rising and setting of the sun, etc., little by little has enhanced this sense of interest and curiosity in the human conscience to the extent that its manifestation is seen in many works of art and literature worldwide. Among the many astronomical elements, the sun is one of the stars that has a beautiful effect in poetry. The question that can be asked here is that according to the artistic and aesthetic aspects of the sun, what place did this element have in the poems of the three great Persian poets Naser Khosrow Ghobadiani, Anwari and Nezami? The fifth and sixth centuries Hegira are one of the most fruitful periods in the history of Persian literature and the provinces of Khorasan, Isfahan, Iran and Azerbaijan are the main centers of poetry and literature of this era; hence, the present article studies the effect of the sun based on astronomical features in the ancient poems of the mentioned poets of the who the fifth and sixth centuries Hegira. The findings of the research indicate that the sun is visible in different forms in mentioned poetry including: the twelve towers of Aries, Gemini, Cancer, etc., Shafagh and Falaq, the true and false morning and eclipse.

1. The expression of various manifestations of ancient astronomy in Persian poetry 2. The study of various effects of the sun based on ancient astronomy in the poems of Nasser Khosrow, Anwari and Nezami .

1. What is the place of ancient astronomy in Persian poetry? 2. What is the reflection of the sun and its astronomical effects in the Persian poems of poets such as Naser Khosrow, Anwari and Nezami?