The Rotation Technique in ‘Hatha Al-Mokshayyam Zahkati’ Divan from Iyad Atef Hayatleh (A Research on Phonetic and Semantic Functions)

The technique of rotation is one of the most important elements of contemporary poetry in a way that its function is not limited to the rhythm. Rather, it has a semantic function. Therefore, this technique has become particularly important due to conveying subtle meanings and emotions of the speaker. Therefore, the study of this phenomenon is considered necessary due to its semantic function and its important role in expressing the beauties of poetry and its music. Based on the descriptive-analytical and statistical methods, the present study aimed to examine the rotation technique and the way it has been used in Hayatleh's poems with the focus on both phonetic and semantic structures. The research findings showed that Hayatleh in the phonetic structure has benefited from a complete unit about 78.21%, and the reason behind it was the phonetic peak resulted from the repetition of ‘Mutafāʿilun’ units. The poet's inclination to Zahaf (deletion) in units about 63.82% indicated his concern for phonetic diversity, and its eruption to get rid of the monotony caused by rotated complete units. In many cases, Hayateleh has used other phonetic techniques such as synthetic parallelism, repetition, and variable free rhymes to intensify the phonetic space and made it cohesive and enriched. But, in the semantic structure, the poet aimed at drawing the reader's attention to the rotated word and emphasizing its semantic importance. In this respect, the poet has used this technique as a semantic concentration. The semantic axes in the rotation included stability and solidity, patriotism, murder and crime, and idealistic positive themes.