Can Marine Products Improve Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible chronic neurodegenerative disease which is the most common cause of dementia among older adults. According to amyloid hypothesis, cholin neurotransmitters have important roles in CNS memory function, therefore cholinesterase inhibitors can improve the Alzheimer's symptoms. In recent decades, marine creatures have become interested for their huge medicinal effects and potential of pharmaceutical preparations. Marine classifications contain pharmacologically active compounds with capibilities for improvement of cognitive disorders. This article provides a comprehensive overview of cholinesterase inhibitors from marines in 4 categories contain seaweeds, marine sponges, coelenterates and other invertebrates over the 47 years from 1970 to 2017 which resulted into important bioactive extracts and isolated compounds which representing a diverse range of structural classes such as pyrrole derivatives, sesquiterpene acetates, tetrazacyclopentazulene, bromotyrosine derivatives, plastoquinones, farnesylacetones and poly-alkylpyridinium polymers (Poly-APS). For each structural group, the important compounds with cholinesterase inhibition activities were introduced. The result showed marins can be considered as important sources to discover new cholinesterase inhibitiors.