Effect of integrated application of biological and chemical fertilizers on the quality ‎and quantity traits of dragon's head (Lallemantia iberica) under rainfed condition‎

In order to evaluate the integrative application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and chemical fertilizers on the quality and quantity traits of Dragon's head (Lallemantia iberica), a field experiment was carried out as a randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications at the faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh during 2016 growing season. Treatments were included 100% chemical fertilizer (CF), Glomus mosseae (GM), Glomus intraradices (GI), GM+GI, 50% CF+GM, 50% CF+GI and 50% CF+GM+GI. The results demonstrated that the highest (71.83) and the lowest (54.47) chlorophyll index was achieved in the 50% CF+GM+GI and individual application of GI. In addition, the highest number of lateral branches was related to application of 50% CF+GM+GI, 50% CF+GM and GI. Furthermore, the highest grain yield (802.8 Kg ha-1), number of flower cycles per plant (63.6), number of seed per plant (519.3), number of seeds in the main stem (149.2), number of seeds per flower cycle (18), seed weight per plant (3.75 g), the grain-1000 weight (4.75 g) and total dry weight (426.3 g m-2) were achieved in the integrative application of 50% CF+GM+GI. By the way, the highest of EO content (0.5%) and EO yield (2.2 g m-2) were observed with application of 50% CF+GM+GI. The analysis of GC-FID and GC-MS showed that the linalool,menthone,geranial,menthyl acetate,geranyl acetate,valencene andcaryophyllene oxide were the major essential oil compounds. Generally, integrative application of 50% CF+GM+GI could improve the quality and quantity traits of dragon's head.