Investigation of the functions of the name of Rustam in Shahnameh, based on semiotic systems

Investigation of the functions of the name of Rustam in Shahnameh, based on semiotic systems Nowadays, semiotics, as a science that examines the signs in a text, has a special importance in the study of texts, especially literary texts and is considered an effective approach to entering some of the hidden layers of texts. Since semiotics examines signs in the form of a structure, in the study of literary texts, semiotic approach, faced with various systems that are examined with different angles. This research, by selecting two approaches, mythology and semiotics, tries to re-read Rostam's character in Shahnameh and to achieve this, examines the existence of this hero in the form of a sign structure. The root of the name of Rustam, his relationship with other characters in Shahnameh, the color of his flag and his marquee, his warfare, his horse, his war instruments, and etc. are among the most important cases that are placed in the structure of Rostam signs. the purpose of this research is to explain that What is related to the character of Rustam in Shahnameh, is in the form of a structure of signs, Which is through the study of the relationships between the Syntagmatic and Paradigmatic of this text, it is possible to understand the coincidence of functions of Rustam with everything that is related to him.