Investigating the Visual-Psychological Pollution of Tall Buildings through Fish Eye Images and Citizen's Opinion; Case Study: Pastor and Jahannama Tower in Hamadan

High-rise construction and the studies relevant to these buildings emphasize the various impacts of these visual elements in the cities. However, the psychological effects of these buildings, including the sense of oppression that citizens endure, have been neglected. In the present study, the sense of oppression that citizens endure from these tall buildings was studied. If this subject is studied carefully, it can be influential in the regulations of the tall building construction in the paths and the improvement of the psychological health of the citizens. Therefore, two studies were conducted; in the first part of the research, the sense of oppression inducing from the simulated Pastor Tower and changes in its configuration through the fisheye images were comparatively compared with the tolerance of the sense of oppression enduring by the citizens (the results of the previous studies). In the second part of the research, through the simulation of the Jahan Nama tower in Hamedan City, the perceptual oppression resulted from the buildings with the visual weights of 6%, 7%, 8% (the tolerance of the sense of oppression in the previous studies), 9%, and 10% and the effect of the trees on the mental oppression (in citizens’ perspective) were investigated. The results of the first part indicated that the trees covering the façade of the simulated Pastor tower in the Mirzadeh Eshghi Street reduced the mental oppression resulted from the tower and is tolerated by the citizens. However, the mental oppression induced by this tower (simulated) from Pastor Avenue is high and a threat to the psychological health of the citizens. The results of the second part also indicated that the buildings with visual weights of 9% and 10% had the maximum mental oppression and the minimum openness and pleasantness. In contrast, the building with the visual weight of 7% was perceived with more openness, pleasantness, and likelihood of restoration. Moreover, by increasing the number of trees in front of the building, the mental oppression was reduced and the openness, pleasantness, preference, and the likelihood of the restoration of the landscape were increased.