Investigating the presence of children in public spaces with the approach of spatial justice in geography and urban planning (Case study: Districts 1 and 11 of Tehran)

Justice plays a very important role in the urban geography of children's presence in society. Today, public spaces in the current cities of Iran, in the process of their formation and spatial justice, have made the necessity of designing and managing these spaces unaffected by their upbringing effect on the personality and identity of children. This Research with a major emphasis on children's access to public spaces, it will measure the availability of public spaces for children in the areas and neighborhoods of Tehran, and finally, The optimal model of public spaces suitable for the presence of children in different areas of Tehran in order to achieve justice will be presented. In this paper, by examining Lefebvre's theory, he first examines the possibility of using this theory in the city, and analyzes how to achieve Soja's spatial justice in the presence of children using this theory. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and is a statistical sample of Tehran's 1st and 11th districts.